Apparatus for pulverizing materials



May 20, 1930. I F. H. DANIELS APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MATERIALS FiledAug. 21, 1926 INVENTOR d gm WITNESS Patented May 20, 1930 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE CORPORATION, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OFMASSACHU- SETTS APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MATERIALS Application filedAugust 21, 1926. Serial No. 130,750.

This invention relates to pulverizing apparatus, and more particularlyto an apparatus of the beater typefwhich' is arranged tocomminutematerial by the action of revoluble impact bodies.

A machine of the type shown in the reissue patent to Blyth #16229 ofDec. 15, 1925, comprises sets of revoluble pegs arranged on oppositesides of a rotatable disk which co= operate with stationary pegs on thecasing walls to crush the material fed thereto: A machine of this typeis particularly efficient in the second'or outlet zone to produce finegrinding, but the pegs are relatively fragile and'may be easily brokenif tramp iron or other large, hard foreign bodies get into the casing.Also a machine of this type requires a powerful fan to move'the materialthrough i the casing, and this has been accomplished heretofore by a fanarranged adjacent to the outlet.

It is one object of this invention to.provide a machine of the typeshown in the Blyth patent in which preliminary crushing beaters arrangedin the inlet zone are so shaped that they will aid in propelling thematerial .through the casing, and they are so constructed that theycannot be easily broken, and the large, hard, foreign bodies will beeliminated and prevented from entering the second pulverizing zone.

A further object of the invention is'to pro-- vide an apparatus of thetype shown in the patent to Blyth in which the fan, adjacent to theoutlet is supplemented by a further fan adjacent to the inlet whichcreates an air current tending to move the material away from the inletand distribute it to the annular passage around the central rotatabledisk and thereby aid in feeding the material properly to the secondpulverizing zone.

Itis a still further object of this invention to provide a pulverizingapparatus in which the material is crushed by wide beater fan bladesarranged adjacent to the inlet to set up an air current moving towardsthe outlet and which are so constructed that they will hurl the materialoutwardly'and at the same time insure its propulsion towards the machineoutlet.

With these and other objects in view, as will be apparent'to one skilledin the art, my'invention resides in the combination of parts set forthin the specification and covered by the claims appended hereto. I

According to one embodiment of my invention, I provide a pulverizingapparatus com-' prising two connected pulverizing zones. In the firstzone I arrange a set of rotatable beaters, winch are so constructed asto efficiently pulverize material preliminarily,

escape to a proper receptacle. The second I zone is so constructed as tobring about efficiently the final pulverization of the mate rial, .andpreferably comprises revoluble impact bodies or pegs mounted on, asuitable rotor. If desired, these revoluble pegs may u coact withstationary pegs mounted on the casing .wall. The material may be carriedthrough this zone on an air current directed toward a centrally disposedoutlet, in' such a way as to travel against the centrifugal ac tion setup by the revolving pegs. The air current is initially produced by thewide fan blades on the rotary heaters in the first zone, and this fan isfurther'supplemented, in the embodiment illustrated, by a second fanlocated in the outlet pipe connecting with the second zone. Revolublearms or rejector blades may be arranged to sweep across the exit openingand thusprevent the escape of coarse particles therethrough.

Referring to the drawings, in which like reference numerals indicatelike parts:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the machine illustrated somewhatdiagrammati cally;

I Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fi 1; I

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 1; and

therewith.

deliver coarse material to the first pulveriz- Fig. 4 is an isometricview of the rotary beater.

The embodiment of my invention illus trated in the drawings comprises ahorizontally split casing arranged to form a cylindrical. pulverizingchamber and a fan chamber 11, connected by a central passage 12 whichforms an outlet for the pulverizing chamber. A horizontal rotatableshaft 14% entends centrally through both chambers.

chamber 10 is divided into two pulverizing zones 16 and 1? by a rotor ordisk 20. This disk is mounted on a hub 21, which is keyed to the shaftlet, and arranged to rotate A feed chute 23 is arranged to ing zone 16through an inlet opening 2 1 in the casmg wall. if desired, a furtheropening 25 may be provided for the admission of air;

In order to crush the coarse material preliminarily without the dangerof damage from tramp iron, I mount a rotary beater 27 on the shaft 14adjacent to the inlet 24:. In order that the beater may serve notonly tocrush the material preliminarily but also .as a fan to move the materialaway from the inlet and towards the outlet, it is provided with rigid,wide fan blades 28 which are shown as extending radially from thecentral hub mounted on the shaft 14. The rear disk or plate portion ofthis heater is opposed to the inlet, and the parts are so constructedthat the coarse material fed against this rear circular plate is strucka blow and hurled by the fan blades 28 outwardly and radially towardsthe casing wall and the peripheral passage to the second grinding zone.If desired, this beater fan maybe arranged to crush the materialbythrowing it directly against the casing wall, but I have found itadvisable to provide amember more closely adjacent to the peripheralpath of the beater arms. Que suitable device comprises a perforated grid30 on the casing outside of the beater. This grid thus forms a wallbeneath the beater blades and cooperates with the casing to form acompartment arranged to hold the coarse material close to the peripheralpath of the blades. if desired, the grid may be provided with openingsas shown, for the escape of crushed material radially therethrough. Inthe preferred embodiment illustrated, the grid 30 does not completelysurround the beater, but is formed with an enlarged opening 31 for theescape of hard foreign bodies. A pocket 33 may be provided at the lowerpart of the casing for such hard bodies, and they may be removed fromthe machine by withdrawing a slide plate 35 which forms the bottom ofthe pocket. In order' to prevent any possibility of the arms 28 beingbroken by tramp iron, the beater fan 27 may be attached to the shaft 14by a frangible connection, such as a shear- "coarse material and foreignbodies.

ing pin 36. This pin is preferably of sufficient strength to drive thebeaterunder ordinary conditions, but will shear and prevent damage tothe beater if an unusual obstruction is encountered.

The machine is so arranged as to produce fine pulverization in thesecond zone 17. For this purpose, sets of revolublc impact pegs 3? maybe mounted in concentric circles on the disk 20, and these revolublepegs may inter mesh with stationary pegs 38 mounted on the casing wall.The pegs 37 and 38 may be held in any suitable manner, but the preferredmethod is fully disclosed in the patent to Riley No. 1,576, 17 2. Ifdesired, rejector blades 4.0 may be mounted on the hub 21, and arrangedto revolve adjacent to the outlet opening 12. Coarse material reachingthese blades will be thrown back by centrifugal force into thepulverizing chamber. A beveled ring 41 surrounding the blades willassist in this action.

Cooperating with thebeaterfan and serving to withdraw material from themachine is a suitable fan 45 whichmay be mounted on the shaft'le andarranged to rotate in the chamber 11. A. current of air is thus drawnthrough the machine, and fine material is carried on this air currentand discharged through a tangential outlet opening 46.

The operation of my invention will no v be apparent from the abovedisclosure. Shaft 14 is rotated by any suitable source of power.

Coarse material is delivered to the chute 23 by any suitable feedingdevice, and passes through the opening 24 into the first zone 16. Thematerial is broken by impact with the revolving arms 28, cooperatingwith the grid 30. Hard foreign bodies are thrown through the opening 31and drop into the pocket 33. Crushed material is drawn by the aircurrent around the outside of the disk 20. into the second zone 17. Hereit passes against the centrifugal action of the revolving pegs 37 and isfinely pulverized by impact with pegs 37 and 38. The blades 40 returncoarse material to the pegs for further pulverization, and the finematerial passes into the fan chamber 11 and is discharged thrbughopening 46.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this inventionprovides a pulverizing apparatus in which coarse material may beefliciently reduced to a desired degree of lineness. The preliminarycrushing operation is accomplished by rigid heaters especiallyconstructed to withstand wear from contact Ykith foreign bodies enteringthe machine will at once pass into the pocket provided for'them and canbe easily removed. The crushed material is finely pulverized in thesecond zone, and passes out of the machine as soon as it is sufiicientlycomminuted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Let ters Patent, is:

l. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having two grindingzones, the outlet zone communicating with the inlet zone at itsperiphery only, means forming an inlet and an outlet respectively forsaid zones, a set of wide revoluble substantially radial beater fanblades arranged to crush material delivered through the inlet and createan air current towards the second zone, and impact bodies revolublymounted in the second zone ing and arranged to form two communicatingpulverizing zonesadjacent to said inlet andsaid outlet respectively, arotary beater fan in the first zone having wide substantially radialblades which are arranged to crush material delivered thereto and createan air current towards the outlet, and revoluble impact bodies in thesecond zone arranged to pulverize material delivered thereto from thefirst zone.

3. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet and acentrally located outlet, a rotor mounted within the casing and arrangedto form twocommunicating pulverizing zones, a rigid notary beater fan inthe first zone having wide blades arranged to crush material deliveredthereto and move it towards the outlet, a perforated grid locatedoutside of said beater and arranged to cooperate therewith, andrevoluble impact bodies in the second zone arranged to pulverizematerial finely.

4. A pulverizingapparatus comprisinga 3 casing having an inlet and acentrally located outlet, a rotor mounted within the casing and arrangedto form two communicating pulverlzing zones, a rlgld rotary beater fanin the first zone arranged to crush material preliminarily and create anair current moving towards the second zone, a perforated grid arrangedoutside of said beater and adapted to cooperate therewith, means toeliminate hard foreign bodies from the first zone, and inter-fittingrevoluble and stationary impact bodies in the second, zone to pulverizematerial finely.

5. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet formaterial and a centrally located outlet, a rotary disk mounted withinthe casing and arranged to form two pulverlzing zones communicatingaround the periphery of the disk, a rigid rotar'y beater fan in thefirst zone having wideradial fan blades arranged adjacent to said inlet,a perforated grid arranged outside of said beater fanto cooperatetherewith to crush the material, said grid having small,

openings for the passageof crushedmaterial,

and providing a large opening for the escape V of hard foreign bodies,and revoluble and stationary impact bodies in the second zone topulverize material finely.

.6. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having a centrallylocated inlet and an outlet, revoluble impact bodies adjacent to theoutlet arranged to. pulverize material fed thereto, and a beater fanadjacent to the inlet having wide blades arranged to crush the materialpreliminarily and to move it towards the revoluble impact bodies.

7. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet andacentrally located outlet, means forming twozones communicating adjacentthe periphery of the casing,

" revoluble impact members in the outlet zone which are so arranged thatmaterial must pass inwardly against the action of centrifugal force setup by said rotating bodies tc reach the outlet, and a beater fan in thefirst zone adjacent to the inlet which has wide fan blades'arranged tocrush the material preliminarily and create an air current tending tomove the material towards the second 1 8'. A pulverizing apparatuscomprising a casing having 'an inlet and an outlet, a revoluble beaterfan adjacent to the inlet which has wide blades arranged to crush thematerial and create an air current away from the inlet and asupplemental fan near the outlet to aid in transporting the materialfrom the casing.

-9. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet and anoutlet, a beater fan adjacent to the inlet having rigid, wide, I

radial blades arranged to crush the material preliminarily and create anair current towards the outlet, a set otrevoluble impact membersarranged to receive the material thrown from said blades and furtherpulverize it, and a fan adjacent to the outlet to aid in transportingthe material from the casing.

10. A pulverizing apparatus comprising, a casing having aninlet formaterial and a centrally located outlet, a rotary disk mounted withinthe casing and arranged to form two grinding zones adjacent to saidinlet and outlet respectively, said grinding zones'communicating aroundthe periphery of said disk, revoluble impact members on the disk in thesecond zone, a beater fan in the first zone adjacent to the inletarranged,to crush the material preliminarily and create an air currenttowards the outlet, and afan adjacent to the outlet cooperating withsaid beater fan to create a current of air through the casing. l

11. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet and anoutlet, and a rotary beater fan having a circular disk between the inletand the outlet and a series of radially arranged wide fan bladesintegral wzaagwo the material fed through thg inlet and; wb'ri itoutwardly and. to create an air cits-Trent towards the outletof thecasing.

Signed at Worcester, Mass., this 29th deity of August, 1926.

with said disk which are arrangec'i to s' rike FRED lslmrmm.

